Apical ballooning syndrome or takotsubo cardiomyopathy: a systematic review.
نویسندگان
چکیده
AIMS To clarify the major features of the apical ballooning syndrome, we performed a systematic review of the existing literature. METHODS AND RESULTS Review of all relevant case series using the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases resulted in the identification of 14 studies. These studies suggest that the apical ballooning syndrome accounts for approximately 2.0% of ST-segment elevation infarcts, with most cases described in post-menopausal women. The most common clinical presentations are chest pain and dyspnoea, reported in 67.8 and 17.8% of the patients, respectively. Cardiogenic shock (4.2% of the patients) and ventricular fibrillation (1.5%) were not infrequent. ST-segment elevation was reported in 81.6% of the patients, T wave abnormalities in 64.3%, and Q waves in 31.8%. Cardiac biomarkers were usually mildly elevated, as reported in 86.2% of the patients. Typically, patients had left ventricular (LV) dysfunction on admission, with mean ejection fraction ranging from 20 to 49%. However, over a period of days to weeks, all patients experienced dramatic improvement in LV function. The onset of symptoms was often preceded by emotional (26.8%) or physical stress (37.8%). Norepinephrine concentration was elevated in 74.3% of the patients. Prognosis was generally excellent, with full recovery in most patients. In-hospital mortality was 1.1%. Only 3.5% of the patients experienced a recurrence. CONCLUSION Clinicians should consider this syndrome in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with chest pain, especially in post-menopausal women with a recent history of emotional or physical stress.
منابع مشابه
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. Hurst RT, Prasad A, Askew JW 3rd, Sengupta PP, Tajik AJ. Takotsubo cardiomyopathy: a unique cardiomyopathy with variable ventricular morphology. J Am Coll Cardiol Img 2010;3:641–9. . Donohue D, Ahsan C, Sanaei-Ardekani M, Movahed MR. Early diagnosis of stress-induced apical ballooning syndrome based on classic echocardiographic findings and correlation with cardiac catheterization. J Am Soc E...
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- European heart journal
دوره 27 13 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2006